Two generals advanced to the political fore: Abdel Fattah al-Burhan and Mohamed Hamdan Daglo, better known as Hemedti. In 2019, the army leadership ousted al-Bashir and jailed him and his closest aides in response to widespread pro-democracy protests demanding his removal from office. In the western region of north Sudan-namely Darfur-successive civil wars between 20 brought about mass atrocities and the depletion of human and material resources. More >Ī protracted civil war led to the creation of the independent Republic of South Sudan in 2011. His research and writings focus on governance in the Middle East and North Africa, social vulnerability, and the different roles of governments and civil societies in the region. From 1989 to 2019, President Omar al-Bashir, in alliance with radical Islamists, persecuted non-Muslim populations and African tribes living in these remote regions.Īmr Hamzawy is a senior fellow and the director of the Carnegie Middle East Program. At the core of this conflict lies a power struggle between Sudan’s political center in Khartoum and its southern and western peripheries. Known for its vast territory, ethnic and religious diversity, and natural riches, Sudan has witnessed a string of civil wars since gaining independence in the 1950s. The confrontation between the Sudanese National Army (SNA) and the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF) shows the limits of nonviolent political change in countries tainted by a long history of civil war and politically involved national armies and militias. After numerous attempts at a cease-fire failed, the country seems headed for another protracted conflict over numerous deep-seated issues-including human rights violations, marginalization of minority groups, concentration of power and wealth in Khartoum, the expanding political and economic role of the army and paramilitary groups, and pervasive poverty and underdevelopment. The ZT 730 series is controlled through an intuitive 7" touch-screen and is capable of storing and retrieving up to 200 products/methods with results and parameters.Sudan is no stranger to civil war, but the latest outbreak of violence is a disappointing step back from recent advances in democratic progress. Its temperature sensor PT 100 allows constant control of the waterbath temperature. The reliable waterbath technology utilizes the thermal inertia of water to create a steady temperature for testing according to USP/EP standards. AirBasket is available as type A basket with 6 test tubes for standard tablets, or type B basket with 3 test tubes for bigger tablets (according to USP/EP standards). It‘s sensors are also highly durable and enable the AirBasket to be used in acidic media. Its electronics compartment is sealed, making it dishwasher proof. Its newly designed, cable-free AirBasket makes disintegration testing with automatic determination of the disintegration time as easy and fast as possible. The ZT 730 is available with one (ZT 731) or two (ZT 732) individually driven test stations and is equipped with an integrated flow-through heater. The ERWEKA ZT 730 Series with cable-free AirBasket automatically determines the disintegration time of samples by using a unique system of magnets and sensors.
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